![]() In vitro experiments demonstrated that, differently from CHI, recombinant TRAIL–induced apoptosis of Gr-MDSC from PHI, an effect that can be abrogated by GM-CSF. Furthermore, lower level of Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) was observed in PHI compared with that in CHI. ![]() Interestingly, in PHI, Gr-MDSC frequency was inversely correlated with plasmatic level of tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand ( TRAIL), although a direct correlation was observed in CHI. Interestingly, Gr-MDSC expansion was observed in the early phases of HIV infection (Fiebig II/III), but it was not associated with HIV viral load and CD4 T-cell count. We found that granulocytic MDSC (Gr-MDSC) frequency was higher in patients with PHI compared with healthy donors, but lower than that in patients with CHI. Cytokine levels were evaluated by Luminex technology. PHI staging was performed according to Fiebig classification, and circulating MDSC frequency and function were evaluated by flow cytometry. Patients with PHI and chronic HIV infection (CHI) were enrolled. In this study, we evaluated the frequency of MDSC in patients during primary HIV infection (PHI) and factors involved in MDSC control. The phase of HIV infection during which MDSC expansion occurs, and the mechanisms that regulate this expansion remain to be established. It has been demonstrated that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are expanded in HIV-1–infected individuals and correlated with disease progression. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site ( Background: Supplemental digital content is available for this article. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Part of the results were presented at the Italian Conference on AIDS and Retroviruses (ICAR) May 17–19, 2015 Riccione, Italy. Supported by grants from the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente) to INMI L. ‡Virology Laboratory, “Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.Ĭorrespondence to: Alessandra Sacchi, PhD, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, Rome 00149, Italy (e-mail: ). †Clinical Division, “Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy and *Cellular Immunology Laboratory, “Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |